Cloxacillin: Difference between revisions

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'''Cloxacillin''', a chlorinated form of [[oxacillin]] sold under the brand names '''Novo-Cloxin®''' and   
'''Cloxacillin''', a chlorinated form of [[oxacillin]] sold under the brand names '''Novo-Cloxin®''' and   
'''Nu-Cloxi®''', is a [[penicillin]]-like, beta-[[lactam]] [[antibiotic]] used to treat infections from beta-[[lactamase]]-producing ([[penicillase]]-producing) [[staphylocci]], including [[pneumococci]], group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, penicillin G-sensitive and penicillin G-resistant staphylococci.[http://www.drugbank.ca/cgi-bin/getCard.cgi?CARD=DB01147.txt].
'''Nu-Cloxi®''', is a [[penicillin]]-like, beta-[[lactam]] [[antibiotic]] used to treat infections from beta-[[lactamase]]-producing ([[penicillase]]-producing) [[staphylocci]], including [[pneumococci]], group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, penicillin G-sensitive and penicillin G-resistant staphylococci.[http://www.drugbank.ca/cgi-bin/getCard.cgi?CARD=DB01147.txt].
== Mechanism of action ==
Like other penicillin-like drugs, cloxacillin interferes with the last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins, thus inhibiting the cross-linking needed to from a stable bacterial cell wall.  This leads to [[autolysis]] of the bacteria by [[autolysin]]s.
== Chemistry ==
The IUPAC chemical name of cloxacillin is (2S,5R,6R)-6-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl1,2-oxazole-4-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid and its chemical formula is C<sub>19</sub>H<sub>18</sub>ClN<sub>3</sub>O<sub>5</sub>S.  It has a beta-lactam structure.
== Drug interactions ==
The drugs [[demeclocycline ]], [[doxycycline]], [[methacycline]], [[minocycline]], [[oxytetracycline]], [[rolitetracycline]] and [[tetracycline]] may be antagonists of cloxacillin. Oral contraceptives, including [[ethinyl estradiol]] and [[mestranol]] be less effective when taken with cloxacillin.  The anticoagulant effects of [[acenocoumarol]], [[anisindione]], [[dicumarol]], [[methotrexate]] and [[warfarin]] are increased when taken with cloxacillin.
== External links ==
* {{DailyMed}}
* {{MedMaster}}
* {{DrugBank}}

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Cloxacillin

Cloxacillin, a chlorinated form of oxacillin sold under the brand names Novo-Cloxin® and Nu-Cloxi®, is a penicillin-like, beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat infections from beta-lactamase-producing (penicillase-producing) staphylocci, including pneumococci, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, penicillin G-sensitive and penicillin G-resistant staphylococci.[1].

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