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=== '''Help Write Articles about our World''' ===


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Welcome to '''Citizendium''', a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their '''real names'''.  We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject.  Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive.  Read more about <big>'''[[CZ:About|who we are]]'''</big>.


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=== The Write-a-Thon has begun!  Join us! ===
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===Welcome!===
We are an encyclopedia project, and more.


We are a [[CZ:We aren't Wikipedia|different]] sort of Web 2.0 project:
<blockquote>
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=== Some of our finest <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Approval Process|about]] ]</font> ===
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=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
[[Image:Albertgallatin.jpg|right|200px|Albert Gallatin]]
'''[[Albert Gallatin]]''' (born in [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]], on Jan. 29, 1761; died, August 12, 1849 in Astoria, New York) was an American politician, statesman, diplomat and linguist who served as the United States [[Secretary of the Treasury]] from 1801 to 1814.


Gallatin was born into an old aristocratic family.  He was orphaned at age nine but well cared for by his extended family.  While a student at the elite Geneva Academy, Gallatin read deeply in philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the French Physiocrats; he became dissatisfied with the traditionalism of Geneva.  <font size=1>[[Albert Gallatin|['''more...''']]]</font>


=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
 
[[Image:B17-G.jpg|right|200px|]]
 
The '''B-17''', nicknamed the "Flying Fortress" was a heavy bomber that was the workhorse, along with the [[B-24]], of America's strategic bombing of Germany in World War II.  The Army Air Forces (AAF) considered the B-17 the perfect embodiment of its strategic bombing doctrine because of its long-range, its ability to defend itself, and its highly accurate Norden bomb-sight.  The [[Boeing]] corporation built 6,981 B-17s in various models, and another 5,745 were built under a nationwide collaborative effort by Douglas and Lockheed (Vega).  They were mainly deployed in Europe, flying with the 8th Air Force in England and the 15th Air Force in the Mediterranean. Their mission was strategic bombing. <font size=1>[[B-17|['''more...''']]]</font>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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<h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4>
<p style="line-height:21px; padding-left:20px;">
[[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable Articles]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed Articles]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing Articles]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br />
<small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total articles]])</small>
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<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;">
<big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big>
</h3>
{{CZ:Featured article/Current}}
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<div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div>
{{Getting Started|nocat=y}}

Revision as of 19:28, 18 February 2024

Help Write Articles about our World

Welcome to Citizendium, a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real names. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject. Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive. Read more about who we are.

See Recent Changes—an overview of articles being worked on now.

Become a member--it's free!

Agriculture Earth Sciences Journalism Physics
Anthropology Economics Law Politics
Archaeology Education Library & Info. Sci. Psychology
Architecture Engineering Linguistics Religion
Astronomy Food Science Literature Robotics
Biology Games Mathematics Sociology
Business Geography Media Sports
Chemistry Health Sciences Military Theater
Classics History Music Topic Informant
Computers Hobbies Philosophy Visual Arts


Please help today!
Please make your donations here.
Donations go to keep our servers running. See our financial report.


New Blog Post
Why save Citizendium? My reason number 1.

Article counts

Citable Articles (146)
Developed Articles (1,129)
Developing Articles (7,403)
Stubs (7,676)
(16,484 total articles)

Nam et ipsa scientia potestas est (And thus knowledge itself is power). — Sir Francis Bacon (1561 - 1626), Religious Meditations, Of Heresies
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing

Featured Article: Nuclear power reconsidered

After decades of failure to slow the rising global consumption of coal, oil and gas,[1] many countries have proceeded as of 2024 to reconsider nuclear power in order to lower the demand for fossil fuels.[2] Wind and solar power alone, without large-scale storage for these intermittent sources, are unlikely to meet the world's needs for reliable energy.[3][4][5] See Figures 1 and 2 on the magnitude of the world energy challenge.

Nuclear power plants that use nuclear reactors to create electricity could provide the abundant, zero-carbon, dispatchable[6] energy needed for a low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New innovative designs for nuclear reactors are needed to avoid the problems of the past.

(CC) Image: Geoff Russell
Fig.1 Electricity consumption may soon double, mostly from coal-fired power plants in the developing world.[7]

Issues Confronting the Nuclear Industry

New reactor designers have sought to address issues that have prevented the acceptance of nuclear power, including safety, waste management, weapons proliferation, and cost. This article will summarize the questions that have been raised and the criteria that have been established for evaluating these designs. Answers to these questions will be provided by the designers of these reactors in the articles on their designs. Further debate will be provided in the Discussion and the Debate Guide pages of those articles.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Global Energy Growth by Our World In Data
  2. ↑ Countries, organizations, and public figures that have reconsidered their stance on nuclear power are listed on the External Links tab of this article.
  3. ↑ Pumped storage is currently the most economical way to store electricity, but it requires a large reservoir on a nearby hill or in an abandoned mine. Li-ion battery systems at $500 per KWh are not practical for utility-scale storage. See Energy Storage for a summary of other alternatives.
  4. ↑ Utilities that include wind and solar power in their grid must have non-intermittent generating capacity (typically fossil fuels) to handle maximum demand for several days. They can save on fuel, but the cost of the plant is the same with or without intermittent sources.
  5. ↑ Mark Jacobson believes that long-distance transmission lines can provide an alternative to costly storage. See the bibliography for more on this proposal and the critique by Christopher Clack.
  6. ↑ "Load following" is the term used by utilities, and is important when there is a lot of wind and solar on the grid. Some reactors are not able to do this.
  7. ↑ Fig.1.3 in Devanney "Why Nuclear Power has been a Flop"

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