Europe/Addendum: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!state | |<center>1</center> | ||
|<center>2</center> | |||
|<center>3</center> | |||
|<center>4</center> | |||
|<center>5</center> | |||
|<center>6</center> | |||
|<center>7</center> | |||
|<center>8</center> | |||
|<center>9</center> | |||
|<center>10</center> | |||
|<center>11</center> | |||
|<center>12</center> | |||
|<center>13</center> | |||
|<center>14</center> | |||
|- | |||
!state<br><br> | |||
''(CIA & EIU links)'' | |||
!capital | !capital | ||
!official<br>state<br>language | !official<br>state<br>language | ||
!area<br>(km²) | !area<br>(km²) | ||
!population<br>(2010)<ref>Estimation in 2010 according to [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ ''The World Factbook'' (CIA)]</ref> | !population<br>(2010)<ref>Estimation in 2010 according to [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ ''The World Factbook'' (CIA)]</ref> | ||
![[European Union|European<br>Union]]<br>member | ![[European Union|European<br>Union]]/<br>etc<br>member | ||
![[eurozone]]<br>member | ![[eurozone]]<br>member | ||
![[Council of Europe|Council<br>of<br>Europe]]<br>member | ![[Council of Europe|Council<br>of<br>Europe]]<br>member | ||
| Line 19: | Line 35: | ||
!public<br>debt<br>% GDP<br>2009 | !public<br>debt<br>% GDP<br>2009 | ||
!unemploy-<br>ment %<br>2009 | !unemploy-<br>ment %<br>2009 | ||
!IMF<br>category<br><ref>A = advanced, E = developing and emerging</ref> | ![[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]<br>category<br><ref>A = advanced, E = developing and emerging</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Albania]]''' | |'''[[Albania]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/al.html] | ||
|[[Tirana]] | |[[Tirana]] | ||
|[[Albanian language|Albanian]] | |[[Albanian language|Albanian]] | ||
| Line 28: | Line 44: | ||
|application<br>submitted | |application<br>submitted | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 8,373 | | 8,373 | ||
| 29 | | 29 | ||
| Line 43: | Line 59: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 51: | Line 67: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Armenia]]'''<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Armenia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/am.html]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Yerevan]] | |[[Yerevan]] | ||
|[[Armenian language|Armenian]] | |[[Armenian language|Armenian]] | ||
| Line 59: | Line 75: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 66: | Line 82: | ||
| E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/arm/index.htm] | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/arm/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Austria]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Austria/] | |'''[[Austria]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/au.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Austria/] | ||
|[[Vienna]] | |[[Vienna]] | ||
|[[German language|German]] | |[[German language|German]] | ||
|<center>83,871</center> | |<center>83,871</center> | ||
|<center>8,214,160</center> | |<center>8,214,160</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S">Schengen agreement member</ref></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 38,363 | | 38,363 | ||
| Line 81: | Line 97: | ||
| A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/aut/index.htm] | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/aut/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Azerbaijan]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Azerbaijan/]<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Azerbaijan]]'''<br>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aj.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Azerbaijan/]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Baku]] | |[[Baku]] | ||
|[[Azeri language|Azeri]] | |[[Azeri language|Azeri]] | ||
| Line 88: | Line 104: | ||
|<center>PCA<ref name="PCA"/></center> | |<center>PCA<ref name="PCA"/></center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 9,638 | | 9,638 | ||
| Line 96: | Line 112: | ||
| E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/aze/index.htm] | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/aze/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Belarus]]'''[http://www.economist.com/topics/belarus] | |'''[[Belarus]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bo.html][http://www.economist.com/topics/belarus] | ||
|[[Minsk]] | |[[Minsk]] | ||
|[[Belarussian language|Belarussian]] | |[[Belarussian language|Belarussian]] | ||
| Line 111: | Line 127: | ||
| E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/blr/index.htm] | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/blr/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Belgium]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Belgium/] | |'''[[Belgium]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/be.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Belgium/] | ||
|[[Brussels]] | |[[Brussels]] | ||
|[[Dutch language|Dutch]],<br>[[French language|French]],<br>[[German language|German]] | |[[Dutch language|Dutch]],<br>[[French language|French]],<br>[[German language|German]] | ||
|<center>30,528</center> | |<center>30,528</center> | ||
|<center>10,423,493</center> | |<center>10,423,493</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 36,249 | | 36,249 | ||
| 73 | | 73 | ||
| 101 | | 101 | ||
| 7.9 | | 7.9 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/bel/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]'''[http://www.economist.com/topics/bosnia-and-herzegovina] | |'''[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]'''<br>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bk.html][http://www.economist.com/topics/bosnia-and-herzegovina] | ||
|[[Sarajevo]] | |[[Sarajevo]] | ||
|[[Bosnian language|Bosnian]],<br>[[Croatian language|Croatian]],<br>[[Serbian language|Serbian]] | |[[Bosnian language|Bosnian]],<br>[[Croatian language|Croatian]],<br>[[Serbian language|Serbian]] | ||
| Line 133: | Line 149: | ||
|potential<br>candidate | |potential<br>candidate | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"> Non-member with currency pegged to the euro</ref> | | € peg<ref name="peg"> Non-member with currency pegged to the euro</ref> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 8,491 | | 8,491 | ||
| Line 141: | Line 157: | ||
| E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/BIH/index.htm] | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/BIH/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Bulgaria]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Bulgaria/] | |'''[[Bulgaria]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Bulgaria/] | ||
|[[Sofia]] | |[[Sofia]] | ||
|[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] | |[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] | ||
|<center>110,879</center> | |<center>110,879</center> | ||
|<center>7,148,78</center> | |<center>7,148,78</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU</center> | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"> Non-member with currency pegged to the euro</ref> | | € peg<ref name="peg"> Non-member with currency pegged to the euro</ref> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 13,332 | | 13,332 | ||
| 48 | | 48 | ||
| Line 156: | Line 172: | ||
| E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/bgr/index.htm] | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/bgr/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Croatia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Croatia/] | |'''[[Croatia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hr.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Croatia/] | ||
|[[Zagreb]] | |[[Zagreb]] | ||
|[[Croatian language|Croatian]] | |[[Croatian language|Croatian]] | ||
|<center>56,594</center> | |<center>56,594</center> | ||
|<center>4,486,881</center> | |<center>4,486,881</center> | ||
| | |EU | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 19,805 | | 19,805 | ||
| 36 | | 36 | ||
| 46 | | 46 | ||
| 16 | | 16 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/hrv/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Cyprus]]'''<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Cyprus]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cy.html]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Nicosia]] | |[[Nicosia]] | ||
|[[Greek language|Greek]],<br>[[Turkish language|Turkish]] | |[[Greek language|Greek]],<br>[[Turkish language|Turkish]] | ||
|<center>9,251</center> | |<center>9,251</center> | ||
|<center>1,102,677</center> | |<center>1,102,677</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 184: | Line 200: | ||
| 52 | | 52 | ||
| 5.3 | | 5.3 | ||
| | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/cyp/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Czechia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/CzechRepublic/] | |'''[[Czechia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ez.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/CzechRepublic/] | ||
|[[Prague]] | |[[Prague]] | ||
|[[Czech language|Czech]] | |[[Czech language|Czech]] | ||
|<center>78,867</center> | |<center>78,867</center> | ||
|<center>10,201,707</center> | |<center>10,201,707</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 25,232 | | 25,232 | ||
| 70 | | 70 | ||
| 34 | | 34 | ||
| 8.1 | | 8.1 | ||
| A | | A;[http://www.imf.org/external/country/cze/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Denmark]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Denmark/] | |'''[[Denmark]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/da.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Denmark/] | ||
|[[Copenhagen]] | |[[Copenhagen]] | ||
|[[Danish language|Danish]] | |[[Danish language|Danish]] | ||
|<center>43,094</center> | |<center>43,094</center> | ||
|<center>5,515,575</center> | |<center>5,515,575</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"> Non-member with currency pegged to the euro</ref> | | € peg<ref name="peg"> Non-member with currency pegged to the euro</ref> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 36,762 | | 36,762 | ||
| 48 | | 48 | ||
| 42 | | 42 | ||
| 4.3 | | 4.3 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/dnk/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Estonia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Estonia/] | |'''[[Estonia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/en.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Estonia/] | ||
|[[Tallinn]] | |[[Tallinn]] | ||
|[[Estonian language|Estonian]] | |[[Estonian language|Estonian]] | ||
|<center>45,228</center> | |<center>45,228</center> | ||
|<center>1,291,170</center> | |<center>1,291,170</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 19,451 | | 19,451 | ||
| 71 | | 71 | ||
| 7 | | 7 | ||
| 13.8 | | 13.8 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/est/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Finland]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Finland/] | |'''[[Finland]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fi.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Finland/] | ||
|[[Helsinki]] | |[[Helsinki]] | ||
|[[Finnish language|Finnish]],<br>[[Swedish language|Swedish]] | |[[Finnish language|Finnish]],<br>[[Swedish language|Swedish]] | ||
|<center>338,145</center> | |<center>338,145</center> | ||
|<center>5,255,068</center> | |<center>5,255,068</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 34,720 | | 34,720 | ||
| Line 244: | Line 260: | ||
| 40 | | 40 | ||
| 8.2 | | 8.2 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/fin/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[France]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/France/] | |'''[[France]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/France/] | ||
|[[Paris]] | |[[Paris]] | ||
|[[French language|French]] | |[[French language|French]] | ||
| Line 255: | Line 271: | ||
<br></center> | <br></center> | ||
<center>64,768,389<ref name=withov>With overseas regions.</ref></center> | <center>64,768,389<ref name=withov>With overseas regions.</ref></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 33,655 | | 33,655 | ||
| 23 | | 23 | ||
| 78 | | 78 | ||
| 9.1 | | 9.1 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/fra/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]'''<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gg.html]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Tbilisi]] | |[[Tbilisi]] | ||
|[[Georgian language|Georgian]] | |[[Georgian language|Georgian]] | ||
| Line 272: | Line 288: | ||
|<center>PCA<ref name="PCA"/></center> | |<center>PCA<ref name="PCA"/></center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 4,774 | | 4,774 | ||
| Line 278: | Line 294: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/geo/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Germany]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Germany/] | |'''[[Germany]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gm.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Germany/] | ||
|[[Berlin]] | |[[Berlin]] | ||
|[[German language|German]] | |[[German language|German]] | ||
|<center>357,022</center> | |<center>357,022</center> | ||
|<center>82,282,988</center> | |<center>82,282,988</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 36,267 | | 36,267 | ||
| 41 | | 41 | ||
| 73 | | 73 | ||
| 7.5 | | 7.5 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/deu/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Greece]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Greece/] | |'''[[Greece]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Greece/] | ||
|[[Athens]] | |[[Athens]] | ||
|[[Greek language|Greek]] | |[[Greek language|Greek]] | ||
|<center>131,957</center> | |<center>131,957</center> | ||
|<center>10,749,943</center> | |<center>10,749,943</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 29,663 | | 29,663 | ||
| 19 | | 19 | ||
| 113 | | 113 | ||
| 9.4 | | 9.4 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/grc/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Hungary]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Hungary/] | |'''[[Hungary]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hu.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Hungary/] | ||
|[[Budapest]] | |[[Budapest]] | ||
|[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] | |[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] | ||
|<center>93,028</center> | |<center>93,028</center> | ||
|<center>9,992,339</center> | |<center>9,992,339</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"/> | | € peg<ref name="peg"/> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 19,764 | | 19,764 | ||
| | | | ||
| 78 | | 78 | ||
| 10 | | 10 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/hun/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Iceland]]'''[http://www.economist.com/node/17732935?story_id=17732935] | |'''[[Iceland]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html][http://www.economist.com/node/17732935?story_id=17732935] | ||
|[[Reykjavík]] | |[[Reykjavík]] | ||
|[[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] | |[[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] | ||
|<center>103,000</center> | |<center>103,000</center> | ||
|<center>308,910</center> | |<center>308,910</center> | ||
|candidate | |candidate<br>EEA<ref name="EEA">Member of the [[European Economic Area]]</ref><br><center>S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | ||<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 37,595 | | 37,595 | ||
| 53 | | 53 | ||
| 114 | | 114 | ||
| 8.0 | | 8.0 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/isl/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''' | |'''Ireland'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ei.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Ireland/] | ||
|[[Dublin]] | |[[Dublin]] | ||
|[[Irish language|Irish]],<br>[[English language|English]] | |[[Irish language|Irish]],<br>[[English language|English]] | ||
|<center>70,273</center> | |<center>70,273</center> | ||
|<center>4,622,917</center> | |<center>4,622,917</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 41,278 | | 41,278 | ||
| Line 353: | Line 369: | ||
| 65 | | 65 | ||
| 11.8 | | 11.8 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/irl/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Italy]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Italy/] | |'''[[Italy]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/it.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Italy/] | ||
|[[Rome]] | |[[Rome]] | ||
|[[Italian language|Italian]] | |[[Italian language|Italian]] | ||
|<center>301,340</center> | |<center>301,340</center> | ||
|<center>58,090,681</center> | |<center>58,090,681</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 31,909 | | 31,909 | ||
| 24 | | 24 | ||
| 116 | | 116 | ||
| 7.8 | | 7.8 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/ita/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Kazakhstan]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Kazakhstan/]<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Kazakhstan]]'''<br>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Kazakhstan/]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Astana]]<br>(in Asia) | |[[Astana]]<br>(in Asia) | ||
|[[Kazakh language|Kazakh]] | |[[Kazakh language|Kazakh]] | ||
| Line 383: | Line 399: | ||
| 14 | | 14 | ||
| 6.3 | | 6.3 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/kaz/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Kosovo]]'''[http://www.economist.com/node/17733187?story_id=17733187] | |'''[[Kosovo]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kv.html][http://www.economist.com/node/17733187?story_id=17733187] | ||
|[[Priština]] | |[[Priština]] | ||
|[[Albanian language|Albanian]],<br>[[Serbian language|Serbian]] | |[[Albanian language|Albanian]],<br>[[Serbian language|Serbian]] | ||
| Line 398: | Line 414: | ||
| | | | ||
| 16.6 | | 16.6 | ||
| | | [http://www.imf.org/external/country/uvk/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Latvia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Latvia/] | |'''[[Latvia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lg.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Latvia/] | ||
|[[Riga]] | |[[Riga]] | ||
|[[Latvian language|Latvian]] | |[[Latvian language|Latvian]] | ||
|<center>64,589</center> | |<center>64,589</center> | ||
|<center>2,217,969</center> | |<center>2,217,969</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"/> | | € peg<ref name="peg"/> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 15,413 | | 15,413 | ||
| 42 | | 42 | ||
| 37 | | 37 | ||
| 17 | | 17 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/lva/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Liechtenstein]]''' | |'''[[Liechtenstein]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ls.html] | ||
|[[Vaduz]] | |[[Vaduz]] | ||
|[[German language|German]] | |[[German language|German]] | ||
|<center>160</center> | |<center>160</center> | ||
|<center>35,002</center> | |<center>35,002</center> | ||
| EEA<ref name="EEA"/> | |||
| | | | ||
|<center>CoE</center> | |||
|<center> | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Lithuania]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Lithuania/] | |'''[[Lithuania]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lh.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Lithuania/] | ||
|[[Vilnius]] | |[[Vilnius]] | ||
|[[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] | |[[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] | ||
|<center>65,300</center> | |<center>65,300</center> | ||
|<center>3,545,319</center> | |<center>3,545,319</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"/> | | € peg<ref name="peg"/> | ||
|<center>CoE</center> | |||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
|<center> | |||
| 16,747 | | 16,747 | ||
| | | | ||
| 30 | | 30 | ||
| 14 | | 14 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/ltu/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Luxembourg]]''' | |'''[[Luxembourg]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lu.html] | ||
|[[Luxembourg (city)|Luxembourg]] | |[[Luxembourg (city)|Luxembourg]] | ||
|[[German language|German]]/<br>[[Luxembourgish]],<br>[[French language|French]] | |[[German language|German]]/<br>[[Luxembourgish]],<br>[[French language|French]] | ||
|<center>2,586</center> | |<center>2,586</center> | ||
|<center>497,538</center> | |<center>497,538</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| | | <ref>The published GDP/head figure for Luxembourg is misleading because much of its output if produced by foreign commutors</ref> | ||
| 169 | | 169 | ||
| | | | ||
| 5.7 | | 5.7 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/lux/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Republic of Macedonia]]'''<br>(FYROM) | |'''[[Republic of Macedonia]]'''<br>(FYROM)[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mk.html] | ||
|[[Skopje]] | |[[Skopje]] | ||
|[[Macedonian language|Macedonian]] | |[[Macedonian language|Macedonian]] | ||
| Line 466: | Line 482: | ||
|candidate | |candidate | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 10,823 | | 10,823 | ||
| Line 472: | Line 488: | ||
| | | | ||
| 32 | | 32 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/mkd/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Malta]]'''<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Malta]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mt.html]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Valletta]] | |[[Valletta]] | ||
|[[Maltese language|Maltese]],<br>[[English language|English]] | |[[Maltese language|Maltese]],<br>[[English language|English]] | ||
|<center>316</center> | |<center>316</center> | ||
|<center>406,771</center> | |<center>406,771</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 487: | Line 503: | ||
| 69 | | 69 | ||
| 7.0 | | 7.0 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/mlt/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Moldova]]''' | |'''[[Moldova]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/md.html] | ||
|[[Chișinău]] | |[[Chișinău]] | ||
|[[Romanian language|Romanian<br>(“Moldovan”)]] | |[[Romanian language|Romanian<br>(“Moldovan”)]] | ||
| Line 496: | Line 512: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 2,854 | | 2,854 | ||
| Line 502: | Line 518: | ||
| | | | ||
| 3.1 | | 3.1 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/mda/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Monaco]]''' | |'''[[Monaco]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mn.html] | ||
|(city-sate) | |(city-sate) | ||
|[[French language|French]] | |[[French language|French]] | ||
| Line 511: | Line 527: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 519: | Line 535: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Montenegro]]'''[http://www.economist.com/node/17733199?story_id=17733199] | |'''[[Montenegro]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mj.html][http://www.economist.com/node/17733199?story_id=17733199] | ||
|[[Podgorica]] | |[[Podgorica]] | ||
|[[Serbian language|Serbian<br>(“Montenegrin”)]] | |[[Serbian language|Serbian<br>(“Montenegrin”)]] | ||
| Line 526: | Line 542: | ||
|candidate | |candidate | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 13,292 | | 13,292 | ||
| Line 532: | Line 548: | ||
| 38 | | 38 | ||
| 15 | | 15 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/MNE/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Netherlands]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Netherlands/] | |'''[[Netherlands]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nl.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Netherlands/] | ||
|[[The Hague]],<br>[[Amsterdam]] | |[[The Hague]],<br>[[Amsterdam]] | ||
|[[Dutch language|Dutch]] | |[[Dutch language|Dutch]] | ||
|<center>41,543</center> | |<center>41,543</center> | ||
|<center>16,783,092</center> | |<center>16,783,092</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 40,715 | | 40,715 | ||
| 69 | | 69 | ||
| 61 | | 61 | ||
| 4.5 | | 4.5 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/nld/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Norway]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Norway/] | |'''[[Norway]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/no.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Norway/] | ||
|[[Oslo]] | |[[Oslo]] | ||
|[[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] | |[[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] | ||
|<center>323,802</center> | |<center>323,802</center> | ||
|<center>4,676,305</center> | |<center>4,676,305</center> | ||
| EEA<ref name="EEA"/><br><center>S<ref name="S"/></center> | |||
| | | | ||
|<center>CoE</center> | |||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
|<center> | |||
| 55,672 | | 55,672 | ||
| 42 | | 42 | ||
| 50 | | 50 | ||
| 3.2 | | 3.2 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/nor/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Poland]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Poland/] | |'''[[Poland]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pl.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Poland/] | ||
|[[Warsaw]] | |[[Warsaw]] | ||
|[[Polish language|Polish]] | |[[Polish language|Polish]] | ||
|<center>312,685</center> | |<center>312,685</center> | ||
|<center>38,463,689</center> | |<center>38,463,689</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| € peg<ref name="peg"/> | | € peg<ref name="peg"/> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 19,059 | | 19,059 | ||
| 39 | | 39 | ||
| 46 | | 46 | ||
| 11 | | 11 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/pol/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Portugal]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Portugal/] | |'''[[Portugal]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Portugal/] | ||
|[[Lisbon]] | |[[Lisbon]] | ||
|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] | |[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] | ||
|<center>92,090</center> | |<center>92,090</center> | ||
|<center>10,735,765</center> | |<center>10,735,765</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 24,569 | | 24,569 | ||
| 28 | | 28 | ||
| 77 | | 77 | ||
| 9.5 | | 9.5 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/prt/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Romania]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Romania/] | |'''[[Romania]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ro.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Romania/] | ||
|[[Bucharest]] | |[[Bucharest]] | ||
|[[Romanian language|Romanian]] | |[[Romanian language|Romanian]] | ||
|<center>238,391</center> | |<center>238,391</center> | ||
|<center>21,959,278</center> | |<center>21,959,278</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU</center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 14,199 | | 14,199 | ||
| 33 | | 33 | ||
| 24 | | 24 | ||
| 7.8 | | 7.8 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/rou/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Russia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Russia/]<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Russia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Russia/]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Moscow]] | |[[Moscow]] | ||
|[[Russian language|Russian]] | |[[Russian language|Russian]] | ||
| Line 616: | Line 632: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 18,962 | | 18,962 | ||
| Line 622: | Line 638: | ||
| | | | ||
| 8.4 | | 8.4 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/rus/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[San Marino]]''' | |'''[[San Marino]]''' | ||
| Line 631: | Line 647: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 646: | Line 662: | ||
|application<br>submitted | |application<br>submitted | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 11,719 | | 11,719 | ||
| Line 652: | Line 668: | ||
| 31 | | 31 | ||
| 17 | | 17 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/SRB/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Slovakia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Slovakia/] | |'''[[Slovakia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lo.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Slovakia/] | ||
|[[Bratislava]] | |[[Bratislava]] | ||
|[[Slovakian language|Slovakian]] | |[[Slovakian language|Slovakian]] | ||
|<center>49,035</center> | |<center>49,035</center> | ||
|<center>5,470,306</center> | |<center>5,470,306</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 22,356 | | 22,356 | ||
| 99 | | 99 | ||
| 36 | | 36 | ||
| 11 | | 11 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/SRB/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Slovenia]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Slovenia/] | |'''[[Slovenia]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/si.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Slovenia/] | ||
|[[Ljubljana]] | |[[Ljubljana]] | ||
|[[Slovenian language|Slovenian]] | |[[Slovenian language|Slovenian]] | ||
|<center>20,273</center> | |<center>20,273</center> | ||
|<center>2,003,136</center> | |<center>2,003,136</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 27,004 | | 27,004 | ||
| 59 | | 59 | ||
| 31 | | 31 | ||
| 9.2 | | 9.2 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/SRB/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Spain]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Spain/] | |'''[[Spain]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sp.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Spain/] | ||
|[[Madrid]] | |[[Madrid]] | ||
|[[Spanish language|Spanish]] | |[[Spanish language|Spanish]] | ||
|<center>505,370</center> | |<center>505,370</center> | ||
|<center>46,505,963</center> | |<center>46,505,963</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>€</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 32,545 | | 32,545 | ||
| 23 | | 23 | ||
| 53 | | 53 | ||
| 18 | | 18 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/esp/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Sweden]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Sweden/] | |'''[[Sweden]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Sweden/] | ||
|[[Stockholm]] | |[[Stockholm]] | ||
|[[Swedish language|Swedish]] | |[[Swedish language|Swedish]] | ||
|<center>450,295</center> | |<center>450,295</center> | ||
|<center>9,074,055</center> | |<center>9,074,055</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 37,905 | | 37,905 | ||
| Line 712: | Line 728: | ||
| 42 | | 42 | ||
| 8.3 | | 8.3 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/swe/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Switzerland]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Switzerland/] | |'''[[Switzerland]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sz.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Switzerland/] | ||
|[[Bern]] | |[[Bern]] | ||
|[[German language|German]],<br>[[French language|French]],<br>[[Italian language|Italian]],<br>[[Romansh language|Romansh]] | |[[German language|German]],<br>[[French language|French]],<br>[[Italian language|Italian]],<br>[[Romansh language|Romansh]] | ||
|<center>41,277</center> | |<center>41,277</center> | ||
|<center>7,623,438</center> | |<center>7,623,438</center> | ||
| | | EFTA<ref>Member of the [[European Free Trade Association]] (with Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway)</ref> | ||
| | |<center>S<ref name="S"/></center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 45,117 | | 45,117 | ||
| Line 727: | Line 743: | ||
| 41 | | 41 | ||
| 3.7 | | 3.7 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/che/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Turkey]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Turkey/]<br>(edge of Europe) | |'''[[Turkey]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Turkey/]<br>(edge of Europe) | ||
|[[Ankara]] | |[[Ankara]] | ||
|[[Turkish language|Turkish]] | |[[Turkish language|Turkish]] | ||
| Line 736: | Line 752: | ||
|candidate | |candidate | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 13,885 | | 13,885 | ||
| 23 | | 23 | ||
| 46 | | 46 | ||
| 14 | | 14 | ||
| E | | E[http://www.imf.org/external/country/tur/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Ukraine]]'''[http://www.economist.com/countries/Ukraine/index.cfm] | |'''[[Ukraine]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/up.html][http://www.economist.com/countries/Ukraine/index.cfm] | ||
|[[ | |[[Kiev]] | ||
|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] | |[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] | ||
|<center>603,550</center> | |<center>603,550</center> | ||
| Line 751: | Line 767: | ||
|<center>PCA<ref name="PCA"/></center> | |<center>PCA<ref name="PCA"/></center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
| | | | ||
| 6,317 | | 6,317 | ||
| Line 757: | Line 773: | ||
| | | | ||
| 8.8 | | 8.8 | ||
| A | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/ukr/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[United Kingdom]]''' | |'''[[United Kingdom]]'''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uk.html] | ||
|[[London]] | |[[London, United Kingdom|London]] | ||
|[[English language|English]] | |[[English language|English]] | ||
|<center>243,610</center> | |<center>243,610</center> | ||
|<center>62,348,447</center> | |<center>62,348,447</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>EU</center> | ||
| | | | ||
|<center> | |<center>CoE</center> | ||
|<center> | |<center>NATO</center> | ||
| 36,496 | | 36,496 | ||
| 28 | | 28 | ||
| 68 | | 68 | ||
| 7.5 | | 7.5 | ||
| | | A[http://www.imf.org/external/country/ukr/index.htm] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''[[Vatican City]]''' | |'''[[Vatican City]]''' | ||
| Line 792: | Line 808: | ||
==The languages of Europe== | ==The languages of Europe== | ||
The following list presents the current, | The following list presents the current, autochthonous languages of Europe, classified by language families and listed according to scientific surveys<ref>See, for example: BADIA I CAPDEVILA Ignasi (2002) ''Diccionari de les llengües d’Europa'', coll. Diccionaris temàtics, Barcelona: Enciclopèdia Catalana.</ref> (even if some authorities may differ on some points from the tabulation here). Various, recently claimed languages that are not widely—or not yet—recognised by the linguist community are not listed here. Each table matches with a lower range language family. Languages are presented in a geographic order, mainly from west to east and from north to south. | ||
===[[Basque language]]=== | ===[[Basque language]]=== | ||
| Line 1,223: | Line 1,239: | ||
|Turkey | |Turkey | ||
| | | | ||
|endangered | |(endangered in Turkey) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] | |[[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] | ||
| Line 1,456: | Line 1,472: | ||
|[[Georgian language|Georgian]] | |[[Georgian language|Georgian]] | ||
|Georgia | |Georgia | ||
|Georgia | |Georgia | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Latest revision as of 07:31, 20 April 2024
The states of Europe
This list doesn't include the following de facto independent territories, with no or very little international recognition: Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Northern Cyprus, South Ossetia and Transnistria.
| state (CIA & EIU links) |
capital | official state language |
area (km²) |
population (2010)[1] |
European Union/ etc member |
eurozone member |
Council of Europe member |
NATO member |
GDP/head 2009 $ [2] |
exports % GDP 2009 [3] |
public debt % GDP 2009 |
unemploy- ment % 2009 |
IMF category [4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania[2] | Tirana | Albanian | application submitted |
8,373 | 29 | 58 | 12.8 | E[3] | |||||
| Andorra | Andorra la Vella | Catalan | 7.0 | ||||||||||
| Armenia[4] (edge of Europe) |
Yerevan | Armenian | 12 | 7.1 | E[5] | ||||||||
| Austria[6][7] | Vienna | German | 38,363 | 66 | 4.8 | A[8] | |||||||
| Azerbaijan [9][10] (edge of Europe) |
Baku | Azeri | 9,638 | 51 | 6.0 | E[11] | |||||||
| Belarus[12][13] | Minsk | Belarussian | 13,039 | 51 | 1.0 | E[14] | |||||||
| Belgium[15][16] | Brussels | Dutch, French, German |
36,249 | 73 | 101 | 7.9 | A[17] | ||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina [18][19] |
Sarajevo | Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian |
potential candidate |
€ peg[7] | 8,491 | 33 | 44 | 40 | E[20] | ||||
| Bulgaria[21][22] | Sofia | Bulgarian | € peg[7] | 13,332 | 48 | 15 | 9.1 | E[23] | |||||
| Croatia[24][25] | Zagreb | Croatian | EU | 19,805 | 36 | 46 | 16 | E[26] | |||||
| Cyprus[27] (edge of Europe) |
Nicosia | Greek, Turkish |
52 | 5.3 | A[28] | ||||||||
| Czechia[29][30] | Prague | Czech | 25,232 | 70 | 34 | 8.1 | A;[31] | ||||||
| Denmark[32][33] | Copenhagen | Danish | € peg[7] | 36,762 | 48 | 42 | 4.3 | A[34] | |||||
| Estonia[35][36] | Tallinn | Estonian | 19,451 | 71 | 7 | 13.8 | E[37] | ||||||
| Finland[38][39] | Helsinki | Finnish, Swedish |
34,720 | 37 | 40 | 8.2 | A[40] | ||||||
| France[41][42] | Paris | French | 33,655 | 23 | 78 | 9.1 | A[43] | ||||||
| Georgia[44] (edge of Europe) |
Tbilisi | Georgian | 4,774 | 30 | E[45] | ||||||||
| Germany[46][47] | Berlin | German | 36,267 | 41 | 73 | 7.5 | A[48] | ||||||
| Greece[49][50] | Athens | Greek | 29,663 | 19 | 113 | 9.4 | A[51] | ||||||
| Hungary[52][53] | Budapest | Hungarian | € peg[7] | 19,764 | 78 | 10 | E[54] | ||||||
| Iceland[55][56] | Reykjavík | Icelandic | candidate EEA[10] |
37,595 | 53 | 114 | 8.0 | A[57] | |||||
| Ireland[58][59] | Dublin | Irish, English |
41,278 | 89 | 65 | 11.8 | A[60] | ||||||
| Italy[61][62] | Rome | Italian | 31,909 | 24 | 116 | 7.8 | A[63] | ||||||
| Kazakhstan [64][65] (edge of Europe) |
Astana (in Asia) |
Kazakh | 11,509 | 52 | 14 | 6.3 | E[66] | ||||||
| Kosovo[67][68] | Priština | Albanian, Serbian |
potential candidate |
41 | 16.6 | [69] | |||||||
| Latvia[70][71] | Riga | Latvian | € peg[7] | 15,413 | 42 | 37 | 17 | E[72] | |||||
| Liechtenstein[73] | Vaduz | German | EEA[10] | ||||||||||
| Lithuania[74][75] | Vilnius | Lithuanian | € peg[7] | 16,747 | 30 | 14 | E[76] | ||||||
| Luxembourg[77] | Luxembourg | German/ Luxembourgish, French |
[11] | 169 | 5.7 | A[78] | |||||||
| Republic of Macedonia (FYROM)[79] |
Skopje | Macedonian | candidate | 10,823 | 44 | 32 | E[80] | ||||||
| Malta[81] (edge of Europe) |
Valletta | Maltese, English |
69 | 7.0 | A[82] | ||||||||
| Moldova[83] | Chișinău | Romanian (“Moldovan”) |
2,854 | 37 | 3.1 | E[84] | |||||||
| Monaco[85] | (city-sate) | French | |||||||||||
| Montenegro[86][87] | Podgorica | Serbian (“Montenegrin”) |
candidate | 13,292 | 33 | 38 | 15 | E[88] | |||||
| Netherlands[89][90] | The Hague, Amsterdam |
Dutch | 40,715 | 69 | 61 | 4.5 | A[91] | ||||||
| Norway[92][93] | Oslo | Norwegian | EEA[10] |
55,672 | 42 | 50 | 3.2 | A[94] | |||||
| Poland[95][96] | Warsaw | Polish | € peg[7] | 19,059 | 39 | 46 | 11 | E[97] | |||||
| Portugal[98][99] | Lisbon | Portuguese | 24,569 | 28 | 77 | 9.5 | A[100] | ||||||
| Romania[101][102] | Bucharest | Romanian | 14,199 | 33 | 24 | 7.8 | E[103] | ||||||
| Russia[104][105] (edge of Europe) |
Moscow | Russian | 18,962 | 28 | 8.4 | E[106] | |||||||
| San Marino | City of San Marino |
Italian | |||||||||||
| Serbia[107] | Belgrade | Serbian | application submitted |
11,719 | 27 | 31 | 17 | E[108] | |||||
| Slovakia[109][110] | Bratislava | Slovakian | 22,356 | 99 | 36 | 11 | A[111] | ||||||
| Slovenia[112][113] | Ljubljana | Slovenian | 27,004 | 59 | 31 | 9.2 | A[114] | ||||||
| Spain[115][116] | Madrid | Spanish | 32,545 | 23 | 53 | 18 | A[117] | ||||||
| Sweden[118][119] | Stockholm | Swedish | 37,905 | 42 | 42 | 8.3 | A[120] | ||||||
| Switzerland[121][122] | Bern | German, French, Italian, Romansh |
EFTA[13] | 45,117 | 52 | 41 | 3.7 | A[123] | |||||
| Turkey[124][125] (edge of Europe) |
Ankara | Turkish | candidate | 13,885 | 23 | 46 | 14 | E[126] | |||||
| Ukraine[127][128] | Kiev | Ukrainian | 6,317 | 46 | 8.8 | A[129] | |||||||
| United Kingdom[130] | London | English | 36,496 | 28 | 68 | 7.5 | A[131] | ||||||
| Vatican City | (city-state, inside Rome) |
Italian, Latin |
The languages of Europe
The following list presents the current, autochthonous languages of Europe, classified by language families and listed according to scientific surveys[14] (even if some authorities may differ on some points from the tabulation here). Various, recently claimed languages that are not widely—or not yet—recognised by the linguist community are not listed here. Each table matches with a lower range language family. Languages are presented in a geographic order, mainly from west to east and from north to south.
Basque language
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Basque | Spain, France | Spain (R) | endangered |
Indo-European languages
Celtic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Irish | Ireland, United Kingdom | Ireland | endangered |
| Scottish Gaelic | United Kingdom | United Kingdom (R) | endangered |
| Manx | Isle of Man | endangered | |
| Welsh (Cymric) | United Kingdom | United Kingdom (R) | endangered |
| Cornish | United Kingdom | endangered | |
| Breton | France | endangered |
Germanic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Icelandic | Iceland | Iceland | |
| Faroese | Faroe Islands | Faroe Islands (R) | |
| Norwegian | Norway | Norway | |
| Swedish | Sweden, Finland | Sweden, Finland | |
| Danish | Denmark, Sweden | Denmark | (endangered in Sweden) |
| English | United Kingdom | United Kingdom, Ireland | |
| Frisian | Netherlands, Germany | endangered | |
| Dutch (Netherlandic) | Netherlands, Belgium, France, Germany | Netherlands, Belgium | |
| Low German (Low Saxon, Saxon) | Germany, Netherlands | endangered | |
| German (High German) | Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Italy, France | Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Italy (R) | (endangered in France) |
| Yiddish | scattered across Central Europe | endangered |
Romance languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Galician-Portuguese | Portugal, Spain | Portugal, Spain (R) | (endangered in Spain) |
| Asturian-Leonese | Spain, Portugal | Portugal (R) | endangered |
| Spanish (Castilian) | Spain | Spain | |
| Aragonese | Spain | endangered | |
| Catalan | Spain, France, Andorra, Italy | Andorra, Spain (R) | endangered |
| Occitan (Lenga d'Òc, Provençal) | France, Italy, Spain, Monaco | Spain (R) | endangered |
| Francoprovençal (Arpitan) | France, Switzerland, Italy | endangered | |
| French (Langue d'Oïl) | France, Belgium, Switzerland, Channel Islands | France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Monaco | (endangered in the Channel Islands) |
| Romansh | Switzerland | Switzerland | endangered |
| Ladin | Italy | endangered | |
| Friulian | Italy | endangered | |
| Northern Italian (Padanian) | Italy, Switzerland, Monaco, San Marino, Slovenia, Croatia | endangered | |
| Italian | Italy | Italy, Switzerland, San Marino | |
| Corsican | France, Italy | endangered | |
| Sardinian | Italy | endangered | |
| Romanian | Romania, Moldova, Balkans | Romania, Moldova |
Baltic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Latvian | Latvia | Latvia | |
| Lithuanian | Lithuania | Lithuania |
Slavic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sorbian (Lusatian) | Germany | Germany (R) | endangered |
| Kashubian | Poland | endangered | |
| Polish | Poland | Poland | |
| Czech | Czechia | Czechia | |
| Slovakian | Slovakia | Slovakia | |
| Belarussian | Belarus, Russia | Belarus | endangered |
| Ukrainian | Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia | Ukraine | |
| Russian | Russia | Russia, Belarus, Moldova (R) | |
| Slovenian | Slovenia, Italy, Austria | Slovenia | (endangered in Italy and Austria) |
| Croatian (Serbo-Croatian) | Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Bosnian (Serbo-Croatian) | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Serbian (Serbo-Croatian) (including Montenegrin) | Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Croatia | Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo | |
| Macedonian (Slavomacedonian) | Republic of Macedonia, Greece | Republic of Macedonia | (endangered in Greece) |
| Bulgarian | Bulgaria, Greece | Bulgaria | (endangered in Greece) |
Albanian
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albanian | Albania, Kosovo, Republic of Macedonia, Greece | Albania, Kosovo | (endangered in Greece) |
Greek
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Greek (Hellenic) | Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Turkey | Greece, Albania | (endangered in Albania, Turkey and Northern Cyprus) |
Indo-Iranian languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status)) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ossetic | Russia, South Ossetia | South Ossetia | endangered |
| Zaza | Turkey | endangered | |
| Kurdish | Turkey | endangered |
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Romany (Romani, Gypsy, Gipsy) | scattered across Europe | endangered |
Armenian
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Armenian | Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Turkey | Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh | (endangered in Turkey) |
Afro-Asiatic languages
Semitic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maltese | Malta | Malta | |
| Arabic | Turkey | (endangered in Turkey) | |
| Aramaic | Turkey | endangered |
Uralic languages
Finno-Ugric languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sami (Lappish) | Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia | endangered | |
| Finnish (including Karelian) | Finland, Russia, Sweden | Finland | (endangered in Russia and Sweden) |
| Estonian | Estonia | Estonia | |
| Livonian | Latvia | endangered | |
| Veps | Russia | endangered | |
| Komi | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Udmurt | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Mari | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Erza | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Moksha | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Hungarian (Magyar) | Hungary, Slovakia, Romania, Austria, Serbia | Hungary | (endangered in Slovakia, Romania, Austria and Serbia) |
Samoyedic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nenets | Russia | endangered |
Altaic languages
Turkic languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turkish | Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Bulgaria | Turkey, Cyprus | (endangered in Greece and Bulgaria) |
| Gagauz | Moldova, Ukraine | Moldova (R) | endangered |
| Chuvash | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Crimean Tatar | Ukraine | endangered | |
| Volga Tatar (Kazan Tatar) | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Bashkort (Bashkir) | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Kumyk | Russia | endangered | |
| Karachay-Balkar | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Nogay | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Azeri (Azerbaijani) | Azerbaijan, Iran | Azerbaijan |
Mongolian
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mongolian (including Kalmyk) | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
North Caucasian languages
The unity of the North Caucasian family is debated among specialists.
Northwest Caucasian languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz-Abaza | Abkhazia, Russia | Abkhazia | endangered |
| Circassian (Adyghe, Kabardian) | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
Northeast Caucasian languages
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chechen | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| Ingush | Russia | Russia (R) | endangered |
| many languages of Daghestan, including: Bats, Avar, Andi, Lak, Dargwa, Lezgian, Tabasaran, Aghul, Udi, Rutul, etc. | Russia, Azerbaijan | (R) (for some of them) | endangered |
Kartvelian languages (South Caucasian languages)
| language | approximate location |
official status in: (R = regional, official status) |
vitality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Georgian | Georgia | Georgia | |
| Svan | Georgia | endangered | |
| Mingrelian | Georgia | endangered | |
| Laz | Turkey, Georgia | endangered |
Footnotes
- ↑ Estimation in 2010 according to The World Factbook (CIA)
- ↑ At purchasing power parity rates[1]
- ↑ Exports of goods and services (% of GDP), World Bank, 2010
- ↑ A = advanced, E = developing and emerging
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Has a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with the EU
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 Schengen agreement member
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Non-member with currency pegged to the euro
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Without overseas regions.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 With overseas regions.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Member of the European Economic Area
- ↑ The published GDP/head figure for Luxembourg is misleading because much of its output if produced by foreign commutors
- ↑ Without Kosovo.
- ↑ Member of the European Free Trade Association (with Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway)
- ↑ See, for example: BADIA I CAPDEVILA Ignasi (2002) Diccionari de les llengües d’Europa, coll. Diccionaris temàtics, Barcelona: Enciclopèdia Catalana.