Quantum mechanics/Timelines: Difference between revisions
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{{timeline | {{timeline | ||
|height= | |height= 100 | ||
|title= | |title= | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''c 1805:''' [[Thomas Young (scientist)|Thomas Young]]'s [[double-slit experiment]] demonstrating the wave nature of light. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1896:''' [[Henri Becquerel]] discovers [[radioactivity]]. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1897:''' [[Joseph John Thomson]]'s cathode ray tube experiments (discovers the [[electron]] and its negative charge). | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1850 - 1900:''' The study of [[black body radiation]], which gave the unexplainable [[UV catastrophe]]. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1900:''' The study of [[black body radiation]] led [[Max Planck]] to quantization of energy; full explanation of spectrum, including the ultraviolet (UV). | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1905:''' The [[photoelectric effect]]: Explained by [[Albert Einstein|Einstein]] using the concept of photons, particles of light with quantized energy. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1909:''' [[Robert Millikan]]'s [[oil-drop experiment]], which showed that [[electric charge]] occurs as ''[[quantum|quanta]]'' (whole units). | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1911:''' [[Ernest Rutherford]]'s [[Geiger-Marsden experiment|gold foil experiment]] disproved the plum pudding model of the [[atom]] which suggested that the mass and positive charge of the atom are almost uniformly distributed. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1913:''' [[Niels Bohr]]'s explanation of stationary states of [[hydrogen-like atom|hydrogen atom]] | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1920:''' [[Otto Stern]] and [[Walther Gerlach]] conduct the [[Stern-Gerlach experiment]], which demonstrates a doublet nature of spectra, later interpreted as [[Spin (physics)|spin]]. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1924:''' | ||
*[[Louis de Broglie]] extends the particle-wave duality to cover all particles | |||
*[[Werner Heisenberg]] invents matrix mechanics | |||
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]] formulates his wave function equation; proves equivalence with matrix | |||
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}} | }} | ||
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{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1927:''' [[Clinton Davisson]] and [[Lester Germer]] demonstrate the wave nature of the [[electron]] <ref>[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/davger2.html The Davisson-Germer experiment, which demonstrates the wave nature of the electron]</ref> in the [[Electron diffraction]] experiment. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1935:''' The [[EPR]] paper by Einstein and two collaborators points out an important, and previously non-understood implication of quantum mechanics | ||
|width= 550px | |||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1955:''' [[Clyde L. Cowan]] and [[Frederick Reines]] confirm the existence of the [[neutrino]] in the [[neutrino experiment]]. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1961:''' [[Claus Jönsson]]`s [[double-slit experiment]] with electrons. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1964:''' [[J. S. Bell]]'s theorem proves that so-called 'local' theories cannot predict quantum outcomes | ||
|width= 550px | |||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1980:''' The [[Quantum Hall effect]], discovered by [[Klaus von Klitzing]]. The quantized version of the [[Hall effect]] has allowed for the definition of a new practical standard for [[electrical resistance]] and for an extremely precise independent determination of the [[fine structure constant]]. | ||
|width= | |width= 550px | ||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{TLevent | {{TLevent | ||
|event= | |event= '''1982:''' [[Alain Aspect]]'s group at the [[University of Orsay]] confirm Bell's prediction, and prove Einstein was wrong | ||
|width= 550px | |||
|color= #FFF | |color= #FFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
|} | |} | ||
<br/> | <br/> | ||
Latest revision as of 09:02, 11 April 2008
Founding work
c 1805: Thomas Young's double-slit experiment demonstrating the wave nature of light.
1896: Henri Becquerel discovers radioactivity.
1897: Joseph John Thomson's cathode ray tube experiments (discovers the electron and its negative charge).
1850 - 1900: The study of black body radiation, which gave the unexplainable UV catastrophe.
1900: The study of black body radiation led Max Planck to quantization of energy; full explanation of spectrum, including the ultraviolet (UV).
1905: The photoelectric effect: Explained by Einstein using the concept of photons, particles of light with quantized energy.
1909: Robert Millikan's oil-drop experiment, which showed that electric charge occurs as quanta (whole units).
1911: Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment disproved the plum pudding model of the atom which suggested that the mass and positive charge of the atom are almost uniformly distributed.
1913: Niels Bohr's explanation of stationary states of hydrogen atom
1920: Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach conduct the Stern-Gerlach experiment, which demonstrates a doublet nature of spectra, later interpreted as spin.
1924:
1927: Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer demonstrate the wave nature of the electron [1] in the Electron diffraction experiment.
1935: The EPR paper by Einstein and two collaborators points out an important, and previously non-understood implication of quantum mechanics
1955: Clyde L. Cowan and Frederick Reines confirm the existence of the neutrino in the neutrino experiment.
1961: Claus Jönsson`s double-slit experiment with electrons.
1964: J. S. Bell's theorem proves that so-called 'local' theories cannot predict quantum outcomes
1980: The Quantum Hall effect, discovered by Klaus von Klitzing. The quantized version of the Hall effect has allowed for the definition of a new practical standard for electrical resistance and for an extremely precise independent determination of the fine structure constant.
1982: Alain Aspect's group at the University of Orsay confirm Bell's prediction, and prove Einstein was wrong
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