Hue: Difference between revisions
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'''Hue''' is both a province and the third largest city of [[Vietnam]]. Under the South Vietnamese government, it was in Thua Thien prefecture, of north-central Vietnam. 660 km from [[Hanoi]] and 1080 km from [[Saigon]], it is a geographical center, also providing access to the [[Central Highlands]]. | '''Hue''' is both a province and the third largest city of [[Vietnam]]. Under the South Vietnamese government, it was in Thua Thien prefecture, of north-central Vietnam. 660 km from [[Hanoi]] and 1080 km from [[Saigon]], it is a geographical center, also providing access to the [[Central Highlands]]. | ||
As a province, it includes the former [[Thua Thien Province]]. Thua Thien which was separate in 1965, then joined, with, [[Quang Binh Province]] and [[Quang Tri Province]] into the no longer existing [[Binh Tri Thien Province]]. This province was split in 1990. | As a province, it includes the former [[Thua Thien Province]]. Thua Thien which was separate in 1965, then joined, with, [[Quang Binh Province]] and [[Quang Tri Province]] into the no longer existing [[Binh Tri Thien Province]]. This province was split in 1990. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
For several hundred years, two groups of warlords, the Nguyen and the Trinh, had ruled [[ | For several hundred years, two groups of warlords, the Nguyen and the Trinh, had ruled [[Annam]] under the Chinese, as the Le Dynasty.<ref name=Bolt-LTN>{{citation | ||
| url = http://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/LeToNguyenRulers.html | | url = http://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/LeToNguyenRulers.html | ||
| title = The Nguyen Dynasty, from the Le to the Nguyen Rulers | | title = The Nguyen Dynasty, from the Le to the Nguyen Rulers | ||
| publisher = University of Richmond. | | publisher = University of Richmond. | ||
| first = Ernest C., Jr. last= Bolt}}</ref> In 1789, a year also significant in American history, the Chinese were defeated by a rebellion led by a soldier named Quang Trung, who took the name Nguyen Hue. He probably took that name to show the transfer of power from the Nguyen warlords, but, as confusing as the names may be, Nguyen Hue was not of the Nguyen warlords. He did, however, overthrow the Chinese-backed warlords with a sudden attack during Tet, and created the Nguyen dynasty. | | first = Ernest C., Jr. last= Bolt}}</ref> In 1789, a year also significant in American history, the Chinese were defeated by a rebellion led by a soldier named Quang Trung, who took the name [[Nguyen Hue]]. He probably took that name to show the transfer of power from the Nguyen warlords, but, as confusing as the names may be, Nguyen Hue was not of the Nguyen warlords. He did, however, overthrow the Chinese-backed warlords with a sudden attack during Tet, and created the Nguyen dynasty. | ||
Nguyen Hue died in 1792, with no adult heir. One of the surviving "old Nguyens," Nguyen Phuc Anh, who took the name Gia Long, overthrew the existing government created by Nguyen He, killed his son after forcing him to watch his father's bones being desecrated, and took power in 1802, with French assistance.<ref>Oberdorfer, p. 203</ref> Now-Emperor Gia Long's first act was to move the capital from Saigon to Hue. He also named his new reign, '''Vietnam''', although it was still known as the [[Nguyen | Nguyen Hue died in 1792, with no adult heir. One of the surviving "old Nguyens," Nguyen Phuc Anh, who took the name Gia Long, overthrew the existing government created by Nguyen He, killed his son after forcing him to watch his father's bones being desecrated, and took power in 1802, with French assistance.<ref>Oberdorfer, p. 203</ref> Now-Emperor Gia Long's first act was to move the capital from Saigon to Hue. He also named his new reign, '''Vietnam''', although it was still known as the [[Nguyen Dynasty]]. While he permitted French missionaries, he resisted further French penetration.<ref name=Bolt-GL>{{citation | ||
| url =http://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/EmperorGiaLong.html | | url =http://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/EmperorGiaLong.html | ||
| title = Emperor Gia Long | | title = Emperor Gia Long | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
| first = Ernest C., Jr. last= Bolt}}</ref> | | first = Ernest C., Jr. last= Bolt}}</ref> | ||
Many of the imperial and colonial structures survive, and on December 11, 1993, UNESCO declared its | Many of the imperial and colonial structures survive, and on December 11, 1993, UNESCO declared its complex of Monuments of Hue to be a [[World Heritage site]]. | ||
==Transportation== | ==Transportation== | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
It has been strongly identified as a Buddhist city, although during the [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] years, it also was the seat of the Catholic Archbishop, [[Ngo Dinh Thuc]]. Diem's brother [[Ngo Dinh Can]], also ruled from there; it was the headquarters of [[I Corps tactical zone]]. | It has been strongly identified as a Buddhist city, although during the [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] years, it also was the seat of the Catholic Archbishop, [[Ngo Dinh Thuc]]. Diem's brother [[Ngo Dinh Can]], also ruled from there; it was the headquarters of [[I Corps tactical zone]]. | ||
Hue was the site of the fiercest fighting in the [[Tet Offensive]] of 1968. | Hue was the site of the fiercest fighting in the [[Tet Offensive]] of 1968. [[USS Hue City (CG-66)|''USS Hue City'' (CG-66)]], a U.S. [[Ticonderoga-class]] [[cruiser]], is named in honor of the battle. | ||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:00, 29 August 2024
Hue is both a province and the third largest city of Vietnam. Under the South Vietnamese government, it was in Thua Thien prefecture, of north-central Vietnam. 660 km from Hanoi and 1080 km from Saigon, it is a geographical center, also providing access to the Central Highlands.
As a province, it includes the former Thua Thien Province. Thua Thien which was separate in 1965, then joined, with, Quang Binh Province and Quang Tri Province into the no longer existing Binh Tri Thien Province. This province was split in 1990.
History
For several hundred years, two groups of warlords, the Nguyen and the Trinh, had ruled Annam under the Chinese, as the Le Dynasty.[1] In 1789, a year also significant in American history, the Chinese were defeated by a rebellion led by a soldier named Quang Trung, who took the name Nguyen Hue. He probably took that name to show the transfer of power from the Nguyen warlords, but, as confusing as the names may be, Nguyen Hue was not of the Nguyen warlords. He did, however, overthrow the Chinese-backed warlords with a sudden attack during Tet, and created the Nguyen dynasty.
Nguyen Hue died in 1792, with no adult heir. One of the surviving "old Nguyens," Nguyen Phuc Anh, who took the name Gia Long, overthrew the existing government created by Nguyen He, killed his son after forcing him to watch his father's bones being desecrated, and took power in 1802, with French assistance.[2] Now-Emperor Gia Long's first act was to move the capital from Saigon to Hue. He also named his new reign, Vietnam, although it was still known as the Nguyen Dynasty. While he permitted French missionaries, he resisted further French penetration.[3]
Many of the imperial and colonial structures survive, and on December 11, 1993, UNESCO declared its complex of Monuments of Hue to be a World Heritage site.
Transportation
It is on the main north-south road of Vietnam, National Highway 1.
Vietnam War
It has been strongly identified as a Buddhist city, although during the Ngo Dinh Diem years, it also was the seat of the Catholic Archbishop, Ngo Dinh Thuc. Diem's brother Ngo Dinh Can, also ruled from there; it was the headquarters of I Corps tactical zone.
Hue was the site of the fiercest fighting in the Tet Offensive of 1968. USS Hue City (CG-66), a U.S. Ticonderoga-class cruiser, is named in honor of the battle.
References
- ↑ The Nguyen Dynasty, from the Le to the Nguyen Rulers, University of Richmond.
- ↑ Oberdorfer, p. 203
- ↑ Emperor Gia Long, University of Richmond.