Vipera aspis francisciredi: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox | {{Taxobox | ||
| color = pink | | color = pink | ||
| name = ''Vipera aspis francisciredi'' | | name = ''Vipera aspis francisciredi'' | ||
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia | | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | ||
| phylum = | | phylum = Chordata | ||
| subphylum = | | subphylum = Vertebrata | ||
| classis = | | classis = Reptilia | ||
| ordo = | | ordo = Squamata | ||
| subordo = [[Snake|Serpentes]] | | subordo = [[Snake (animal)|Serpentes]] | ||
| familia = | | familia = Viperidae | ||
| subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | | subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | ||
| genus = ''[[Vipera]]'' | | genus = ''[[Vipera]]'' | ||
| Line 17: | Line 16: | ||
| subspecies = '''''V. a. francisciredi''''' | | subspecies = '''''V. a. francisciredi''''' | ||
| trinomial = ''Vipera aspis francisciredi'' | | trinomial = ''Vipera aspis francisciredi'' | ||
| trinomial_authority = | | trinomial_authority = Laurenti, 1768 | ||
| synonyms = * ''Vipera Francisci Redi'' - Laurenti, 1768 | | synonyms = * ''Vipera Francisci Redi'' - Laurenti, 1768 | ||
* [''Coluber''] ''Redi'' - Gmelin, 1788 | * [''Coluber''] ''Redi'' - Gmelin, 1788 | ||
| Line 23: | Line 22: | ||
* ''Vipera aspis'' var. ''rufa'' - Bonaparte, 1834 | * ''Vipera aspis'' var. ''rufa'' - Bonaparte, 1834 | ||
* ''Vipera aspis'' var. ''fusca'' - Bonaparte, 1834 | * ''Vipera aspis'' var. ''fusca'' - Bonaparte, 1834 | ||
* [''Vipera aspis''] var. ''rufescens'' - De Betta, 1853 ( | * [''Vipera aspis''] var. ''rufescens'' - De Betta, 1853 (nomen nudum) | ||
* [''Vipera aspis''] var. ''cineria'' - De Betta, 1853 (nomen nudum) | * [''Vipera aspis''] var. ''cineria'' - De Betta, 1853 (nomen nudum) | ||
* ''Vipera aspis'' var. ''vulgaris'' - Massalongo, 1853 | * ''Vipera aspis'' var. ''vulgaris'' - Massalongo, 1853 | ||
| Line 42: | Line 41: | ||
'''Common names:''' (none). | '''Common names:''' (none). | ||
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'''''Vipera aspis francisciredi''''' is a | '''''Vipera aspis francisciredi''''' is a venomous [[Viperinae|viper]] subspecies<ref name="ITIS">[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=635253 ''Vipera aspis francisciredi'' (TSN 635253)] at [http://www.itis.gov/index.html Integrated Taxonomic Information System]. Accessed 25 June 2007.</ref> found in central Italy.<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref> Indeed, it inhabits most of Italy, where it is the most common and widely distributed venomous snake.<ref name="Str79">Street D. 1979. The Reptiles of Northern and Central Europe. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd. 268 pp. ISBN 0-7134-1374-3.</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| Line 52: | Line 51: | ||
==Geographic range== | ==Geographic range== | ||
Street (1979) describes this subspecies as inhabiting most of Italy, where it is the most common and widely distributed venomous snake. It also occurs in the Swiss canton of Ticino, south of the Monte Ceneri pass, but is not found west of nearby Lake Maggiore. Also in the north, in Trentino-South Tyrol, it can be found about as far northwards as Merano, but is not found in Austria, and as far east as Gorizia (on the border with [[Slovenia]]). In the south of Italy, it is absent from Basilicata and Calabria.<ref name="Str79"/> | |||
In the former | In the former Yugoslavia, it is a rare inhabitant of the Julian Alps (Pozzi, 1966). There have been reports of specimens from Ripanj near Belgrade, Jahorin in Bosnia and other part of Yugoslavia, but some of these may have been confused with ''[[Vipera berus bosniensis|V. berus bosniensis]]''.<ref name="Str79"/> Nevertheless, the EMBL describes the range of this subspecies as stretching from southern Switzerland, northern and central Italy, to Slovenia and northwestern Croatia.<ref name="EMBL">{{EMBL species|genus=Vipera|species=aspis}}</ref> | ||
The | The type locality listed by Laurenti (1768) for ''Vipera Francisci Redi'' (= ''V. a. francisciredi'') is "Austriaco & Italico" (Austria and Italy).<ref name="McD99"/> | ||
==Conservation status== | ==Conservation status== | ||
This subspecies is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the | This subspecies is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v3.1, 2001).<ref name="ICUN-VA">[http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/61591/summ ''Vipera aspis''] at [http://www.iucnredlist.org/ IUCN Red List]. Accessed 6 October 2006.</ref><ref name="ICUN-31">[http://www.iucnredlist.org/info/categories_criteria2001#categories 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)][http://www.iucnredlist.org/ IUCN Red List]. Accessed 6 October 2006.</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 66: | Line 65: | ||
* [[:Category:True vipers - Common names|True vipers - Common names]]. | * [[:Category:True vipers - Common names|True vipers - Common names]]. | ||
* [[:Category:True vipers - Synonymy|True vipers - Synonymy]]. | * [[:Category:True vipers - Synonymy|True vipers - Synonymy]]. | ||
* [[ | * [[Snake (animal)bite]]. | ||
==Cited references== | ==Cited references== | ||
| Line 77: | Line 76: | ||
* Pozzi A. 1966. Geonemia e catalogo ragionato degli Anfibi e Rettili della Jugoslavia. Natura, 51(i) pp. 1-55, Milan. | * Pozzi A. 1966. Geonemia e catalogo ragionato degli Anfibi e Rettili della Jugoslavia. Natura, 51(i) pp. 1-55, Milan. | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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Common names: (none).
Vipera aspis francisciredi is a venomous viper subspecies[2] found in central Italy.[3] Indeed, it inhabits most of Italy, where it is the most common and widely distributed venomous snake.[4]
Description
Head distinctly swollen behind the eyes and upper lips; in adults, these features are clearly visible when viewed from above.[3]
Regarding the color pattern, many examples of this species have a white or cream colored spot near the outer edge of the ventral scales; these are smaller in V. a. aspis (if at all present), but much more apparent in V. a. francisciredi.[3]
Geographic range
Street (1979) describes this subspecies as inhabiting most of Italy, where it is the most common and widely distributed venomous snake. It also occurs in the Swiss canton of Ticino, south of the Monte Ceneri pass, but is not found west of nearby Lake Maggiore. Also in the north, in Trentino-South Tyrol, it can be found about as far northwards as Merano, but is not found in Austria, and as far east as Gorizia (on the border with Slovenia). In the south of Italy, it is absent from Basilicata and Calabria.[4]
In the former Yugoslavia, it is a rare inhabitant of the Julian Alps (Pozzi, 1966). There have been reports of specimens from Ripanj near Belgrade, Jahorin in Bosnia and other part of Yugoslavia, but some of these may have been confused with V. berus bosniensis.[4] Nevertheless, the EMBL describes the range of this subspecies as stretching from southern Switzerland, northern and central Italy, to Slovenia and northwestern Croatia.[5]
The type locality listed by Laurenti (1768) for Vipera Francisci Redi (= V. a. francisciredi) is "Austriaco & Italico" (Austria and Italy).[1]
Conservation status
This subspecies is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v3.1, 2001).[6][7]
See also
- Vipera aspis.
- List of viperine species and subspecies.
- True vipers - Common names.
- True vipers - Synonymy.
- Snake (animal)bite.
Cited references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ↑ Vipera aspis francisciredi (TSN 635253) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 25 June 2007.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Street D. 1979. The Reptiles of Northern and Central Europe. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd. 268 pp. ISBN 0-7134-1374-3.
- ↑ Species Vipera aspis at the Species2000 Database
- ↑ Vipera aspis at IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
- ↑ 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
Other references
- Pozzi A. 1966. Geonemia e catalogo ragionato degli Anfibi e Rettili della Jugoslavia. Natura, 51(i) pp. 1-55, Milan.