Simple Mail Transfer Protocol: Difference between revisions
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The '''Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)''', in an analogy to postal mail, is the Internet application protocol that moves addressed and stamped envelopes between post offices.<ref name=RFC2821>{{citation | The '''Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)''', in an analogy to postal mail, is the Internet application protocol that moves addressed and stamped envelopes between post offices.<ref name=RFC2821>{{citation | ||
| id = RFC2821 | | id = RFC2821 | ||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
| date = April 2001 | | date = April 2001 | ||
| publisher = Internet Engineering Task Force | | publisher = Internet Engineering Task Force | ||
| url = http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt }}</ref> Other protocols, such as | | url = http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt }}</ref> Other protocols, such as POP3 and IMAP, manage putting envelopes into mailboxes and taking them out. Yet another set of functions multipurpose internet mail extensions (MIME (computer), identifies the type of content inside the electronic envelope, such as text, audio, video, programs, web pages, encrypted text, etc. | ||
Do understand the difference between the protocol and the program that runs the protocol. In a UNIX/LINUX protocol, there are a variety of protocols that run SMTP, such as open-source <code> | Do understand the difference between the protocol and the program that runs the protocol. In a UNIX/LINUX protocol, there are a variety of protocols that run SMTP, such as open-source <code>sendmail</code><ref name=sendmailCon>{{citation | ||
| author = Sendmail Consortium | | author = Sendmail Consortium | ||
| title = Welcome to sendmail.org | | title = Welcome to sendmail.org | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
| author = Liu, C. ''et al'' | | author = Liu, C. ''et al'' | ||
| publisher = O'Reilly | | publisher = O'Reilly | ||
| year = 1994}} p. 392</ref> or <code>ftpmail</code><ref>Liu, p. 479</ref>. In the Microsoft world, the main program that runs SMTP is | | year = 1994}} p. 392</ref> or <code>ftpmail</code><ref>Liu, p. 479</ref>. In the Microsoft world, the main program that runs SMTP is Microsoft Exchange. | ||
SMTP requires a guaranteed path to move the bytes of the envelope across the internet, a service provided by the | SMTP requires a guaranteed path to move the bytes of the envelope across the internet, a service provided by the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). SMTP itself, however, does not guarantee delivery of electronic messages, but does have conventions to tell the server when it could not deliver an envelope, find the associated post office, and other abnormal events.<ref name=RFC2822>{{citation | ||
| id = RFC2822 | | id = RFC2822 | ||
| title =Internet Message Format | | title =Internet Message Format | ||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
| date = November 1996 | | date = November 1996 | ||
| publisher = Internet Engineering Task Force | | publisher = Internet Engineering Task Force | ||
| url = http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt }}</ref> Especially when the content is text, but in other than | | url = http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt }}</ref> Especially when the content is text, but in other than ASCII text (e.g., human scripts not using the Roman alphabet such as Arabic orthography, kanji and hiragana, Sanskrit orthography, etc. <ref name=RFC2047>{{citation | ||
| id = RFC2047 | | id = RFC2047 | ||
| title =Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Three: Message Header Extensions for Non-ASCII Text | | title =Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Three: Message Header Extensions for Non-ASCII Text | ||
| Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
==Basic SMTP security== | ==Basic SMTP security== | ||
==Mailing lists== | ==Mailing lists== | ||
==SMTP and | ==SMTP and spam== | ||
See | See port scanning. In general, SMTP servers should not be present on end user computers. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:00, 18 October 2024
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), in an analogy to postal mail, is the Internet application protocol that moves addressed and stamped envelopes between post offices.[1] Other protocols, such as POP3 and IMAP, manage putting envelopes into mailboxes and taking them out. Yet another set of functions multipurpose internet mail extensions (MIME (computer), identifies the type of content inside the electronic envelope, such as text, audio, video, programs, web pages, encrypted text, etc.
Do understand the difference between the protocol and the program that runs the protocol. In a UNIX/LINUX protocol, there are a variety of protocols that run SMTP, such as open-source sendmail[2] or canned_reply[3] or ftpmail[4]. In the Microsoft world, the main program that runs SMTP is Microsoft Exchange.
SMTP requires a guaranteed path to move the bytes of the envelope across the internet, a service provided by the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). SMTP itself, however, does not guarantee delivery of electronic messages, but does have conventions to tell the server when it could not deliver an envelope, find the associated post office, and other abnormal events.[5]
SMTP normal processing flow
Introduction to message content conventions
- See also: multipurpose mail extensions
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions tell the sending and receiving client application programs how to handle the "letter" that goes into the "envelope". First, the basic machine-readable format of an Internet message body needs to be defined. [6] Next, the client needs to be able to identify the "language" that a computer must understand the content: the media type.[7] Especially when the content is text, but in other than ASCII text (e.g., human scripts not using the Roman alphabet such as Arabic orthography, kanji and hiragana, Sanskrit orthography, etc. [8]
There need to be administrative conventions to identify new kinds of media, non-ASCII formats, and other information needed to process messages. [9]
Error handling in SMTP
Basic SMTP security
Mailing lists
SMTP and spam
See port scanning. In general, SMTP servers should not be present on end user computers.
References
- ↑ Klensin, J., ed. (April 2001), Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC2821
- ↑ Sendmail Consortium, Welcome to sendmail.org
- ↑ Liu, C. et al (1994), Managing Internet Information Services, O'Reilly p. 392
- ↑ Liu, p. 479
- ↑ Resnick, P., ed. (April 2001), Internet Message Format, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC2822
- ↑ Freed N., Borenstein N. (November 1996), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC2045
- ↑ Freed N., Borenstein N. (November 1996), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC2046
- ↑ Moore, K. (November 1996), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Three: Message Header Extensions for Non-ASCII Text, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC2047
- ↑ Freed N., Klensin J. (December 2005), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Four: Registration Procedures, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC4289