Cat breed: Difference between revisions
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A '''cat breed''' is an [[Rank (zoology)|infrasubspecific]] rank for the classification of [[Cat|domestic cat]]s. A cat is considered to be of a certain [[breed]] if it is [[true breeding organism|true breeding]] for the traits that define that breed. Only three percent of owned cats in the United States (estimated at 68 million in 1996 reference- (Feline) kings of the castle. By: Cravatta, Matthew. American Demographics, Aug97, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p30, 2p, 1c; (AN 9710132348))belong to a cat breed, and an even smaller percentage of those are suitable as [[show cat]]s. As in other domestic animals, such as dogs, purebred animals are registered by organizations that set breed standards for cats. In order to register an individual kitten with a cat fancy association, the kitten must have two parents of the same breed - both registered with that same organization, and meet the breed standard. | A '''cat breed''' is an [[Rank (zoology)|infrasubspecific]] rank for the classification of [[Cat|domestic cat]]s. A cat is considered to be of a certain [[breed]] if it is [[true breeding organism|true breeding]] for the traits that define that breed. Only three percent of owned cats in the United States (estimated at 68 million in 1996 reference- (Feline) kings of the castle. By: Cravatta, Matthew. American Demographics, Aug97, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p30, 2p, 1c; (AN 9710132348))belong to a cat breed, and an even smaller percentage of those are suitable as [[show cat]]s. As in other domestic animals, such as dogs, purebred animals are registered by organizations that set breed standards for cats. In order to register an individual kitten with a cat fancy association, the kitten must have two parents of the same breed - both registered with that same organization, and meet the breed standard. | ||
In the case of [[dogs]], breeds have been widely recognized for centuries and are selected for a number of body traits, coat colors, hair textures, and even complex behaviors such as pointing the tail at hunting prey or retrieving. The domestic cat has a smaller range of variable characteristics between individuals than the domestic dog, and this is also true for the breeds of each kind of animal. So, the difference in average size between the biggest healthy individuals of the largest cat breed (the Maine Coon), and the tiniest healthy individuals of the smallest cat breed (the Korat) is on an order of 3 (in terms of lean weight), where as the same relationship in dogs is something like a 100 fold difference between a small Chiuaua and a large Great Dane. | In the case of [[dogs]], breeds have been widely recognized for centuries and are selected for a number of body traits, coat colors, hair textures, and even complex behaviors such as pointing the tail at hunting prey or retrieving. The domestic cat has a smaller range of variable characteristics between individuals than the domestic dog, and this is also true for the "look" of individual breeds of each kind of animal. So, the difference in average size between the biggest healthy individuals of the largest cat breed (the Maine Coon), and the tiniest healthy individuals of the smallest cat breed (the Korat) is on an order of 3 (in terms of lean weight), where as the same relationship in dogs is something like a 100 fold difference between a small Chiuaua and a large Great Dane. | ||
Some biologists have speculated that cat breeds are really only a matter of different coloring, except for a very few structural features, like the concave face of an extreme Persian. Stephen Budiansky, in expressing this view, has said " genetically, any given cat breed represents nothing more than the fixing of a particular few of the color and coat genes in a breeding line so that they are passed on consistently to the offspring" (reference for quote: The Character of Cats: The Origins, Behavior, and Strategems of ''Felis silvestris catus'' Viking, Penguin Group, New York, 2002, ISBN 0-670-03093-7, page 60). At the present time the Cat Genome Project [http://home.ncifcrf.gov/ccr/lgd/comparative_genome/catgenome/index_n.asp] is attempting to map the genes of the domestic cat. This project is run by the [[National Cancer Institute]] in the United States and is aimed mostly towards basic science goals in medicine and biology rather than the specific interests of cat breeders and owners. However, eventually that information may help pin down just what is different in the gene pool of each type of cat breed. | Some biologists have speculated that cat breeds are really only a matter of different coloring, except for a very few structural features, like the concave face of an extreme Persian. Stephen Budiansky, in expressing this view, has said " genetically, any given cat breed represents nothing more than the fixing of a particular few of the color and coat genes in a breeding line so that they are passed on consistently to the offspring" (reference for quote: The Character of Cats: The Origins, Behavior, and Strategems of ''Felis silvestris catus'' Viking, Penguin Group, New York, 2002, ISBN 0-670-03093-7, page 60). At the present time the Cat Genome Project [http://home.ncifcrf.gov/ccr/lgd/comparative_genome/catgenome/index_n.asp] is attempting to map the genes of the domestic cat. This project is run by the [[National Cancer Institute]] in the United States and is aimed mostly towards basic science goals in medicine and biology rather than the specific interests of cat breeders and owners. However, eventually that information may help pin down just what is different in the gene pool of each type of cat breed. | ||
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=Registered Purebred Breeds= | =Registered Purebred Breeds= | ||
In Europe and North America, the whole concept of cat breeds is a relatively new one. Two hundred years ago there was no such thing as a registered cat breed, however today there are almost a hundred cat breeds. [[Cat#Varieties of domestic cat|Varieties of domestic cat]]. Over the last XX years, the number of recognized breeds has expanded tremendously. Understanding just how a "new" cat breed comes into being helps illustrate the whole notion of what a breed of cats actually means to a cat fancier. | In Europe and North America, the whole concept of cat breeds is a relatively new one. Two hundred years ago there was no such thing as a registered cat breed, however today there are almost a hundred cat breeds. [[Cat#Varieties of domestic cat|Varieties of domestic cat]]. Unlike most [[kennel clubs]], several major cat fancy organizations register cats in breeds that are open to matings between cats in which one parent is of a different breed of cat, or no designated breed at all (house cat, "alley cat"). | ||
Over the last XX years, the number of recognized breeds has expanded tremendously. Understanding just how a "new" cat breed comes into being helps illustrate the whole notion of what a breed of cats actually means to a cat fancier. | |||
See [[selective breeding]] for more in-depth detail on purebred animals. | See [[selective breeding]] for more in-depth detail on purebred animals. | ||
Revision as of 10:47, 23 December 2006
A cat breed is an infrasubspecific rank for the classification of domestic cats. A cat is considered to be of a certain breed if it is true breeding for the traits that define that breed. Only three percent of owned cats in the United States (estimated at 68 million in 1996 reference- (Feline) kings of the castle. By: Cravatta, Matthew. American Demographics, Aug97, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p30, 2p, 1c; (AN 9710132348))belong to a cat breed, and an even smaller percentage of those are suitable as show cats. As in other domestic animals, such as dogs, purebred animals are registered by organizations that set breed standards for cats. In order to register an individual kitten with a cat fancy association, the kitten must have two parents of the same breed - both registered with that same organization, and meet the breed standard.
In the case of dogs, breeds have been widely recognized for centuries and are selected for a number of body traits, coat colors, hair textures, and even complex behaviors such as pointing the tail at hunting prey or retrieving. The domestic cat has a smaller range of variable characteristics between individuals than the domestic dog, and this is also true for the "look" of individual breeds of each kind of animal. So, the difference in average size between the biggest healthy individuals of the largest cat breed (the Maine Coon), and the tiniest healthy individuals of the smallest cat breed (the Korat) is on an order of 3 (in terms of lean weight), where as the same relationship in dogs is something like a 100 fold difference between a small Chiuaua and a large Great Dane.
Some biologists have speculated that cat breeds are really only a matter of different coloring, except for a very few structural features, like the concave face of an extreme Persian. Stephen Budiansky, in expressing this view, has said " genetically, any given cat breed represents nothing more than the fixing of a particular few of the color and coat genes in a breeding line so that they are passed on consistently to the offspring" (reference for quote: The Character of Cats: The Origins, Behavior, and Strategems of Felis silvestris catus Viking, Penguin Group, New York, 2002, ISBN 0-670-03093-7, page 60). At the present time the Cat Genome Project [1] is attempting to map the genes of the domestic cat. This project is run by the National Cancer Institute in the United States and is aimed mostly towards basic science goals in medicine and biology rather than the specific interests of cat breeders and owners. However, eventually that information may help pin down just what is different in the gene pool of each type of cat breed.
At present, there are a few things we can say for sure that are true of the breeds of domestic cats.
Natural Breeds
When populations of cats are isolated by geography or other factors, sometimes alleles for unusual traits concentrate in the group and the cats develop special features that breed true among them. These natural breeds of cats include the Manx, which originated on the Isle of Man,
Registered Purebred Breeds
In Europe and North America, the whole concept of cat breeds is a relatively new one. Two hundred years ago there was no such thing as a registered cat breed, however today there are almost a hundred cat breeds. Varieties of domestic cat. Unlike most kennel clubs, several major cat fancy organizations register cats in breeds that are open to matings between cats in which one parent is of a different breed of cat, or no designated breed at all (house cat, "alley cat").
Over the last XX years, the number of recognized breeds has expanded tremendously. Understanding just how a "new" cat breed comes into being helps illustrate the whole notion of what a breed of cats actually means to a cat fancier.
See selective breeding for more in-depth detail on purebred animals.