Archive:New Draft of the Week: Difference between revisions

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imported>Drew R. Smith
imported>Howard C. Berkowitz
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Revision as of 08:25, 13 October 2009

The New Draft of the Week is a chance to highlight a recently created Citizendium article that has just started down the road of becoming a Citizendium masterpiece.
It is chosen each week by vote in a manner similar to that of its sister project, the Article of the Week.

Add New Nominees Here

To add a new nominee or vote for an existing nominee, click edit for this section and follow the instructions


Table of Nominees
Nominated article Vote
Score		 Supporters Specialist supporters Date created
Natural number 1 Peter Schmitt August 19, 2009 (replacing WP import)
Nirvana 2 Meg Ireland, Drew R. Smith 15 September 2009
Al-Shabab (insurgency) 2 Joe Quick Howard C. Berkowitz 15 September 2009

If you want to see how these nominees will look on the CZ home page (if selected as a winner), scroll down a little bit.

Recently created pages are listed on Special:NewPages.

Transclusion of the above nominees (to be done by an Administrator)

View Current Transcluded Nominees (after they have been transcluded by an Administrator)

The next New Draft of the Week will be the article with the most votes at 1 AM UTC on Thursday, 17 September, 2009. I did the honors this time. Drew R. Smith 22:03, 10 September 2009 (UTC)


Nominated article Supporters Specialist supporters Dates Score
Developed Article Natural number: An element of 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., often also including 0. [e]

The natural numbers are the numbers (0), 1,2,3,etc. used for counting, and for enumerating an ordered sequence. As such they are the basis of all numbers used in everyday life for calculating and measuring. They are also used to indicate the number of equal parts into which a unit of measure is divided, and how many of such parts are needed for a measurement, thus being the basis for fractions and rational numbers.

Because of their importance every culture has developed a numeral system for representing and manipulating natural numbers, both in oral and in written language. Now the decimal system is almost universally used to write natural numbers while -- depending on history and the context -- other methods (e.g., Roman numerals) still coexist.

Moreover, since ancient times the natural numbers have been of interest not only for practical reasons. On the one hand, their properties have been studied out of (theoretical or mathematical) curiosity, and, on the other hand, some numbers have been assigned symbolic value.

In modern mathematics, the natural numbers are either defined axiomatically by the Peano axioms, i.e., they are characterized by their properties or, in set theory, as a specific set that serves as a concrete object (model) which can be shown to have the desired properties, i.e., to satisfy the Peano axioms.

Is zero a natural number?
Whether 0 is a natural number or not is not a mathematical question but the matter of an essentially arbitrary definition, a decision which depends on the context and on personal taste. Historically, 0 was not considered as a "number" because it means that there is "nothing to count". In modern mathematics, in particular because of set theory and the concept of cardinality, 0 is usually included into the natural numbers.

Decimal system

In principle, a natural number could be represented by the corresponding number of dots, strokes, or similar. But this soon becomes impractical if the numbers get large.

Therefore, decimal numerals are used as a sort of shorthand: They are written with ten digits — 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 — which represent the numbers zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine. Larger numbers are represented by a sequence of digits, e.g., 325. Such a numeral is read starting from the right. The first (rightmost) digit represents the corresponding number of dots (in the example: five); the next (second-right) represents the corresponding number of groups of ten dots (in the example: two groups of ten dots each), the next digit indicates the corresponding number of "groups of ten groups of ten dots" (in the example, three groups of ten times ten dots), and so on. (Read more...)

Peter Schmitt 1


Developing Article Nirvana: Philosophical concept which explains that the transcendent state of freedom is achieved by the extinction of desire and of individual consciousness. [e]
In the Indic religions: Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism, nirvāṇa (from the Sanskrit निर्वाण, Pali: Nibbāna or Nibbāṇa -- Chinese: 涅槃; Pinyin: niè pán), literally 'extinction' and/or 'extinguishing', is the culmination of the yogi's pursuit of liberation. It is the summum bonum of Buddhism and goal of the Eightfold Path. Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, described the Dharma as '... a raft used to cross the river. Only a fool would carry the raft around after he had already reached the other shore of liberation.' Hinduism and Jainism also use the word nirvāṇa to describe the state of moksha, and it is spoken of in several Hindu tantric texts as well as the Bhagavad Gita. The attainment of nirvāṇa marks the end of cyclic existence in saṃsāra, the condition to which it forms the antithesis, and in the context of which nirvāṇa has to be understood. Saṃsāra is thus the problem to which nirvāṇa is the solution.

Origins

The word nirvāṇa is formed from the negative prefix nir and a Sanskrit root which may be either vā, meaning to blow, or vṛ, meaning to cover. Both connote images of extinguishing a flame, in the first case by blowing it out and in the second by smothering it or starving it of fuel. Etymologically, nirvāṇa (Pali Nibbana) in sutra is 'bhavanirodha nibbanam' (The subjugation of becoming means nirvāṇa). Nirvāṇa in sutra is never conceived of as a place, but the antinomy of saṃsāra which itself is synonymous with ignorance (avijja). This said: 'the liberated mind/will (citta) which does not cling' means Nibbana'[MN2-Att. 4.68]. Nibbana is meant specifically as pertains gnosis which ends the identity of the mind (citta) with empirical phenomena. Doctrinally Nibbana is said of the mind which no 'longer is coming (bhava) and going (vibhava)', but which has attained a statis in perpetuity, whereby 'liberation (vimutta) can be said'.

In general, nirvāṇa is described in negative terms as the end or absence of undesirable things, such as suffering (duḥkha), although positive epithets also occur, notably the famous description of nirvāṇa as the 'Unborn, Unoriginated, Uncreated, Unformed' found at Udāna 8. 3. It carries further connotations of stilling, cooling, and peace; the realizing of nirvāṇa is compared to the ending of avijja (ignorance) which perpetuates the will (citta/mind) from passing through saṃsāra life after life, which causes (and is caused by) among other things craving, consciousness, birth, death, greed, hate, delusion, ignorance. Nirvāṇa, then, is not a place nor a state, it is an absolute truth to be realized, and a person can do so without dying. When a person who has realized nirvāṇa dies, his death is referred as his parinirvana, his fully passing away, as his life was his last link to the cycle of death and rebirth (saṃsāra), and he will not be reborn again. Buddhism holds that the ultimate goal and end of existence is realization of nirvāṇa; what happens to a person after his parinirvana cannot be explained, as it is outside of all conceivable experience. (Read more...)

Meg Ireland, Drew R. Smith 2


Al-Shabab (insurgency): Add brief definition or description
Al-Shabab (insurgency) (Read more...) 		Joe Quick Howard C. Berkowitz 2

Current Winner (to be selected and implemented by an Administrator)

To change, click edit and follow the instructions, or see documentation at {{Featured Article}}. Think tank (Read more...)

Previous Winners

Rules and Procedure

Rules

  • The primary criterion of eligibility for a new draft is that it must have been ranked as a status 1 or 2 (developed or developing), as documented in the History of the article's Metadate template, no more than one month before the date of the next selection (currently every Thursday).
  • Any Citizen may nominate a draft.
  • No Citizen may have nominated more than one article listed under "current nominees" at a time.
  • The article's nominator is indicated simply by the first name in the list of votes (see below).
  • At least for now--while the project is still small--you may nominate and vote for drafts of which you are a main author.
  • An article can be the New Draft of the Week only once. Nominated articles that have won this honor should be removed from the list and added to the list of previous winners.
  • Comments on nominations should be made on the article's talk page.
  • Any draft will be deleted when it is past its "last date eligible". Don't worry if this happens to your article; consider nominating it as the Article of the Week.
  • If an editor believes that a nominee in his or her area of expertise is ineligible (perhaps due to obvious and embarrassing problems) he or she may remove the draft from consideration. The editor must indicate the reasons why he has done so on the nominated article's talk page.

Nomination

See above section "Add New Nominees Here".

Voting

  • To vote, add your name and date in the Supporters column next to an article title, after other supporters for that article, by signing <br />~~~~. (The date is necessary so that we can determine when the last vote was added.) Your vote is alloted a score of 1.
  • Add your name in the Specialist supporters column only if you are an editor who is an expert about the topic in question. Your vote is alloted a score of 1 for articles that you created and 2 for articles that you did not create.
  • You may vote for as many articles as you wish, and each vote counts separately, but you can only nominate one at a time; see above. You could, theoretically, vote for every nominated article on the page, but this would be pointless.

Ranking

  • The list of articles is sorted by number of votes first, then alphabetically.
  • Admins should make sure that the votes are correctly tallied, but anyone may do this. Note that "Specialist Votes" are worth 3 points.

Updating

  • Each Thursday, one of the admins listed below should move the winning article to the Current Winner section of this page, announce the winner on Citizendium-L and update the "previous winning drafts" section accordingly.
  • The winning article will be the article at the top of the list (ie the one with the most votes).
  • In the event of two or more having the same number of votes :
    • The article with the most specialist supporters is used. Should this fail to produce a winner, the article appearing first by English alphabetical order is used.
    • The remaining winning articles are guaranteed this position in the following weeks, again in alphabetical order. No further voting should take place on these, which remain at the top of the table with notices to that effect. Further nominations and voting take place to determine future winning articles for the following weeks.
    • Winning articles may be named New Draft of the Week beyond their last eligible date if their circumstances are so described above.

Administrators

The Administrators of this program are the same as the admins for CZ:Article of the Week.

References

See Also


Citizendium Initiatives
Eduzendium | Featured Article | Recruitment | Subpages | Core Articles | Uncategorized pages |
Requested Articles | Feedback Requests | Wanted Articles

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