Belarussian language: Difference between revisions
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imported>Domergue Sumien (phonetic transcription: [xxx], not /xxx/, corrected from Wikipedia) |
imported>Domergue Sumien |
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| '''[[Ы]]''' '''ы''' || '''y''' || '''ы''' {{IPA|[ɨ]}} || {{IPA|[ɨ]}} | | '''[[Ы]]''' '''ы''' || '''y''' || '''ы''' {{IPA|[ɨ]}} || {{IPA|[ɨ]}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''[[Ь]]''' '''ь''' || '''´''' || '''мяккі знак'''<br/>{{IPA|[ˈmʲakkʲi znak]}} || {{IPA|[ʲ]}} | | '''[[Ь]]''' '''ь''' || '''´''' (acute accent) || '''мяккі знак'''<br/>{{IPA|[ˈmʲakkʲi znak]}} || {{IPA|[ʲ]}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| → '''[[ДЗЬ]]''' '''дзь''' || → '''dź''' (palatal ''dz'') || || {{IPA|[dzʲ]}} | | → '''[[ДЗЬ]]''' '''дзь''' || → '''dź''' (palatal ''dz'') || || {{IPA|[dzʲ]}} | ||
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| '''[[Я]]''' '''я''' || '''ia''' (initially of after vowel: '''ja''') || '''я''' {{IPA|[ja]}} || {{IPA|[ja]}}, {{IPA|[ʲa]}} | | '''[[Я]]''' '''я''' || '''ia''' (initially of after vowel: '''ja''') || '''я''' {{IPA|[ja]}} || {{IPA|[ja]}}, {{IPA|[ʲa]}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''[[’]]''' || | | '''[[’]]''' || ’ || '''апостраф'''<br />{{IPA|[aˈpostrаf]}} || – | ||
|} | |} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
Revision as of 17:06, 2 November 2008
Belarussian or Belarusian or Belarusan—formerly called in English Byelorussian, Belorussian, White Russian—(in its own language: беларуская мова / biełaruskaja mova) is a Slavic language mainly spoken in Belarus.
It is one of the two official languages of Belarus, the other one being Russian. Albeit Belarus has been an independent country since 1991, Russian is still the dominant language of the country.
Writing system
Belarussian may be written with the Cyrillic alphabet, which is official, or with the Latin alphabet (Łacinka), which is used by part of the population. It is very easy to switch from one to another thanks to a simple system of correspondence. This coexistence of two alphabets resembles the situation of Serbian.
| Cyrillic alphabet (official) |
Łacinka or Latin alphabet |
letter name | pronunciation (IPA) |
|---|---|---|---|
| А а | a | а [a] | [a] |
| Б б | b | бэ [be] | [b] |
| В в | v | вэ [ve] | [v] |
| Г г | h | гэ [ɣe] | [ɣ] |
| Д д | d | дэ [de] | [d] |
| Е е | ie (initially of after vowel: je) | е [je] | [je], [ʲe] |
| Ё ё | io (initially of after vowel: jo) | ё [jo] | [jo], [ʲo] |
| Ж ж | ž | жэ [ʒe] | [ʒ] |
| З з | z | зэ [ze] | [z] |
| І і | i | і [i] | [i], [ʲi], [ji] |
| Й й | j | і нескладовае | [j] |
| К к | k | ка [ka] | [k] |
| Л л | l | эл [el] | [l] |
| → ЛА ла | → ła (non palatal l before a) | [la] | |
| → ЛЯ ля | → la (palatal l before a) | [lʲa] | |
| → ЛЭ лэ | → łe (non palatal l before e) | [le] | |
| → ЛЕ ле | → le (palatal l before e) | [lʲe] | |
| → ЛО ло | → ło (non palatal l before o) | [lo] | |
| → ЛЁ лё | → lo (palatal l before o) | [lʲo] | |
| → ЛУ лу | → łu (non palatal l before u) | [lu] | |
| → ЛЮ лю | → lu (palatal l before u) | [lʲu] | |
| М м | m | эм [em] | [m] |
| Н н | n | эн [en] | [n] |
| О о | o | о [o] | [o] |
| П п | p | пэ [pe] | [p] |
| Р р | r | эр [er] | [r] |
| С с | s | эс [es] | [s] |
| Т т | t | тэ [te] | [t] |
| У у | u | у [u] | [u] |
| Ў ў | ŭ | у нескладовае / у кароткае [u ɲeskladoˈvaje] [u kaˈrotkaje] |
[w] |
| Ф ф | f | эф [ef] | [f] |
| Х х | ch | ха [xa] | [x] |
| Ц ц | c | цэ [tse] | [ts] |
| Ч ч | č | чэ [tʃe] | [tʃ] |
| Ш ш | š | ша [ʃa] | [ʃ] |
| Ы ы | y | ы [ɨ] | [ɨ] |
| Ь ь | ´ (acute accent) | мяккі знак [ˈmʲakkʲi znak] |
[ʲ] |
| → ДЗЬ дзь | → dź (palatal dz) | [dzʲ] | |
| → ЗЬ зь | → ź (palatal z) | [zʲ] | |
| → НЬ нь | → ń (palatal n) | [nʲ] | |
| → СЬ сь | → ś (palatal s) | [sʲ] | |
| Э э | e | э [e] | [e] |
| Ю ю | iu (initially of after vowel: ju) | ю [ju] | [ju], [ʲu] |
| Я я | ia (initially of after vowel: ja) | я [ja] | [ja], [ʲa] |
| ’ | ’ | апостраф [aˈpostrаf] |
– |