Pitch (dynamics)

Pitch is a type of motion of an object around its longitudinal axis, so that the longitudinal axis changes direction in the vertical plane. The pitch angle or angle of inclination is the angular value between the current longitudinal axis of a moving object and its horizontal plane.

Yaw is a basic movement of an aircraft, ship, or projectile. The basic aerodynamic or hydrodynamic means of changing yaw are the elevators, or combined structures such as flaperons or elevons. Flaps (aerodynamics) also affect pitch, and, while dive brakes primarily affect speed, may also affect pitch.

Spacecraft make changes in pitch with reaction motors at an angle, usually perpendicular, to the longitudinal axis. Certain highly maneuverable aircraft also use reaction controls for quick changes in pitch.