Tall tale
A tall tale is a narrative, song or jest that depicts exaggerated situations, incredible boasts or impossible achievements. In a narrow sense, the term applies to stories told by American frontiersmen, and indeed, the term itself originates from the mid-1800s. [1] In a wider sense, however, a tall tale is a specimen of mendacious literature, often a folk narrative, whether or not recorded in writing. Written forms, however, also exist as literary creations in their own right. As such, the genre is considered to be universal and of all ages. [2]
When the tall tale is a first-person narrative, the narrator pretends to believe his own story, [3] while in third-person narratives, the account is likewise presented as true. It is a characteristic of the tall tale that it is told by a liar, not by a fallible narrator. While delimitations are difficult to draw sharply, tall tales should therefore be distinguished from fables (which characteristically present a moral) and from science fiction or science fantasy (which by its very nature presents itself as a fantasy).
The American Tradition
Tall tales in the American folk tale tradition often centre round such well-known figures as Bill Cody and Davy Crockett. But there is also a New England tradition, including the tale of Captain Stormalong, who, caught in a storm, steered his ship through the Panama Isthmus, thus digging the canal. Apart from the oral tradition, there are literary specimens by Washington Irving and Mark Twain (Life on the Mississippi, 1883). [4]
A Discontinuous History: Mendacious Literature
The Western Tradition
Lucianus of Samosata; German; French [both Meertens]; Dutch; English (?jest books; Howletglass)
Other Traditions
1001 Nights
Folk Narrative and Written Record
Grimm; Raspe;
Themes
- Wish fulfilment (Cockaigne etc.)
- The world inverted
- Nobody
- Superhuman achievement